Tests unitaires pour services RAP : Tester Validations, Actions et Determinations

Catégorie

RAP

Publié

15. Feb. 2026

Auteur

Les tests unitaires sont indispensables pour les services RAP. Ce tutoriel montre comment tester systématiquement les Validations, Actions et Determinations - avec des exemples de code complets du scénario de réservation de vol.

Pourquoi tester les services RAP ?

Les services RAP contiennent une logique métier critique :

Validations : Vérifient la cohérence des données avant la sauvegarde
Actions : Exécutent des changements de statut et des processus métier
Determinations : Calculent automatiquement des valeurs

Une erreur dans ces composants peut entraîner des incohérences de données ou des erreurs de processus. Les tests unitaires détectent ces erreurs en amont.

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                    RAP Business Object                       │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  ┌───────────────┐  ┌───────────────┐  ┌─────────────────┐ │
│  │ Determination │  │  Validation   │  │     Action      │ │
│  │ setDefaults() │  │ validateDate()│  │ confirmBooking()│ │
│  └───────┬───────┘  └───────┬───────┘  └────────┬────────┘ │
│          │                  │                    │          │
│          └──────────────────┼────────────────────┘          │
│                             │                               │
│                    ┌────────▼────────┐                      │
│                    │   Tests unit.   │                      │
│                    │  ltc_booking    │                      │
│                    └─────────────────┘                      │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Configuration des tests pour RAP

Structure de base d’une classe de test RAP

CLASS ltc_booking DEFINITION FINAL FOR TESTING
  DURATION SHORT
  RISK LEVEL HARMLESS.

  PRIVATE SECTION.
    CLASS-DATA mo_environment TYPE REF TO if_cds_test_environment.

    CLASS-METHODS class_setup.
    CLASS-METHODS class_teardown.

    METHODS setup.
    METHODS teardown.

    " Méthodes de test pour les Validations
    METHODS test_validate_flight_date_ok FOR TESTING.
    METHODS test_validate_flight_date_past FOR TESTING.
    METHODS test_validate_passenger_name FOR TESTING.

    " Méthodes de test pour les Actions
    METHODS test_confirm_booking FOR TESTING.
    METHODS test_cancel_booking FOR TESTING.

    " Méthodes de test pour les Determinations
    METHODS test_set_initial_status FOR TESTING.
    METHODS test_calculate_total_price FOR TESTING.
ENDCLASS.

Configurer le CDS Test Environment

CLASS ltc_booking IMPLEMENTATION.

  METHOD class_setup.
    " CDS Test Environment pour toutes les entités concernées
    mo_environment = cl_cds_test_environment=>create_for_multiple_cds(
      i_for_entities = VALUE #(
        ( i_for_entity = 'ZI_FlightBooking' )
        ( i_for_entity = 'ZI_Flight' )
        ( i_for_entity = 'ZI_Passenger' )
      )
    ).
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD class_teardown.
    mo_environment->destroy( ).
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD setup.
    " Avant chaque test : Réinitialiser les données de test
    mo_environment->clear_doubles( ).

    " Insérer les données de test dépendantes (vols, passagers)
    mo_environment->insert_test_data(
      i_data = VALUE zi_flight_tab(
        ( FlightId     = 'LH400"
          Carrier      = 'LH"
          Connection   = '0400"
          FlightDate   = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 30
          Price        = '450.00"
          Currency     = 'EUR"
          SeatsMax     = 200
          SeatsOccupied = 50 )
        ( FlightId     = 'LH401"
          Carrier      = 'LH"
          Connection   = '0401"
          FlightDate   = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) - 10
          Price        = '380.00"
          Currency     = 'EUR"
          SeatsMax     = 200
          SeatsOccupied = 200 )
      )
    ).

    mo_environment->insert_test_data(
      i_data = VALUE zi_passenger_tab(
        ( PassengerId = 'P001' FirstName = 'Max' LastName = 'Dupont' )
        ( PassengerId = 'P002' FirstName = 'Marie' LastName = 'Martin' )
      )
    ).
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD teardown.
    " Après chaque test : Annuler les transactions
    ROLLBACK ENTITIES.
  ENDMETHOD.

ENDCLASS.

Tester les Validations

Les Validations vérifient les règles métier et remplissent FAILED et REPORTED en cas d’erreur.

Test : Date de vol valide

METHOD test_validate_flight_date_ok.
  " GIVEN : Réservation avec date de vol dans le futur
  DATA lt_create TYPE TABLE FOR CREATE zi_flightbooking.
  lt_create = VALUE #(
    ( %cid        = 'B1"
      FlightId    = 'LH400"
      PassengerId = 'P001"
      FlightDate  = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 30
      SeatClass   = 'Y"
      Price       = '450.00"
      Currency    = 'EUR' )
  ).

  " WHEN : Créer la réservation et commiter
  MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
    ENTITY FlightBooking
      CREATE FROM lt_create
    MAPPED DATA(mapped)
    FAILED DATA(failed)
    REPORTED DATA(reported).

  COMMIT ENTITIES
    RESPONSE OF zi_flightbooking
    FAILED DATA(commit_failed)
    REPORTED DATA(commit_reported).

  " THEN : Aucune erreur attendue
  cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_initial(
    act = commit_failed-flightbooking
    msg = 'Une réservation avec une date valide devrait réussir"
  ).

  " La réservation a été créée
  cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_not_initial(
    act = mapped-flightbooking
    msg = 'La réservation devrait avoir été créée"
  ).
ENDMETHOD.

Test : Date de vol dans le passé

METHOD test_validate_flight_date_past.
  " GIVEN : Réservation avec date de vol dans le passé
  DATA lt_create TYPE TABLE FOR CREATE zi_flightbooking.
  lt_create = VALUE #(
    ( %cid        = 'B1"
      FlightId    = 'LH401"
      PassengerId = 'P001"
      FlightDate  = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) - 10
      SeatClass   = 'Y' )
  ).

  " WHEN : Créer la réservation
  MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
    ENTITY FlightBooking
      CREATE FROM lt_create
    FAILED DATA(failed).

  COMMIT ENTITIES
    RESPONSE OF zi_flightbooking
    FAILED DATA(commit_failed)
    REPORTED DATA(commit_reported).

  " THEN : La validation devrait échouer
  cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_not_initial(
    act = commit_failed-flightbooking
    msg = 'Une réservation avec une date passée devrait échouer"
  ).

  " Un message d'erreur devrait être présent
  cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_not_initial(
    act = commit_reported-flightbooking
    msg = 'Un message d''erreur devrait être présent"
  ).

  " Le champ FlightDate devrait être marqué
  cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_equals(
    exp = if_abap_behv=>mk-on
    act = commit_reported-flightbooking[ 1 ]-%element-FlightDate
    msg = 'Le champ FlightDate devrait être marqué comme erroné"
  ).
ENDMETHOD.

Test : Validation de champ obligatoire

METHOD test_validate_passenger_name.
  " GIVEN : Réservation sans PassengerId
  DATA lt_create TYPE TABLE FOR CREATE zi_flightbooking.
  lt_create = VALUE #(
    ( %cid        = 'B1"
      FlightId    = 'LH400"
      PassengerId = ''         " Vide - champ obligatoire !
      FlightDate  = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 30
      SeatClass   = 'Y' )
  ).

  " WHEN
  MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
    ENTITY FlightBooking
      CREATE FROM lt_create.

  COMMIT ENTITIES
    RESPONSE OF zi_flightbooking
    FAILED DATA(commit_failed)
    REPORTED DATA(commit_reported).

  " THEN : Erreur de champ obligatoire
  cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_not_initial(
    act = commit_failed-flightbooking
    msg = 'Un passager manquant devrait causer une erreur"
  ).

  " Champ PassengerId marqué
  cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_equals(
    exp = if_abap_behv=>mk-on
    act = commit_reported-flightbooking[ 1 ]-%element-PassengerId
    msg = 'Le champ PassengerId devrait être marqué"
  ).
ENDMETHOD.

Tester les Actions

Les Actions exécutent une logique métier et modifient l’état des entités.

Test : Confirmer une réservation

METHOD test_confirm_booking.
  " GIVEN : Créer une réservation ouverte
  MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
    ENTITY FlightBooking
      CREATE FROM VALUE #(
        ( %cid        = 'B1"
          FlightId    = 'LH400"
          PassengerId = 'P001"
          FlightDate  = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 30
          Status      = 'O'    " Open
          SeatClass   = 'Y' )
      )
    MAPPED DATA(mapped_create).

  COMMIT ENTITIES.

  " Clé de la réservation créée
  DATA(lv_booking_uuid) = mapped_create-flightbooking[ 1 ]-BookingUUID.

  " WHEN : Exécuter l'action confirmBooking
  MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
    ENTITY FlightBooking
      EXECUTE confirmBooking FROM VALUE #(
        ( BookingUUID = lv_booking_uuid )
      )
    RESULT DATA(result)
    FAILED DATA(failed)
    REPORTED DATA(reported).

  COMMIT ENTITIES
    RESPONSE OF zi_flightbooking
    FAILED DATA(commit_failed).

  " THEN : Pas d'erreur
  cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_initial(
    act = commit_failed-flightbooking
    msg = 'confirmBooking devrait réussir"
  ).

  " Vérifier le statut
  READ ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
    ENTITY FlightBooking
      FIELDS ( Status )
      WITH VALUE #( ( BookingUUID = lv_booking_uuid ) )
    RESULT DATA(lt_booking).

  cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_equals(
    exp = 'C'    " Confirmed
    act = lt_booking[ 1 ]-Status
    msg = 'Le statut devrait être Confirmed (C)"
  ).
ENDMETHOD.

Test : Annuler une réservation

METHOD test_cancel_booking.
  " GIVEN : Réservation confirmée
  MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
    ENTITY FlightBooking
      CREATE FROM VALUE #(
        ( %cid        = 'B1"
          FlightId    = 'LH400"
          PassengerId = 'P001"
          FlightDate  = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 30
          Status      = 'C'    " Confirmed
          SeatClass   = 'Y' )
      )
    MAPPED DATA(mapped_create).

  COMMIT ENTITIES.

  DATA(lv_booking_uuid) = mapped_create-flightbooking[ 1 ]-BookingUUID.

  " WHEN : Action cancelBooking avec motif
  MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
    ENTITY FlightBooking
      EXECUTE cancelBooking FROM VALUE #(
        ( BookingUUID = lv_booking_uuid
          %param = VALUE za_cancellation_reason(
            ReasonCode = 'CX"
            ReasonText = 'Annulation client' ) )
      )
    FAILED DATA(failed)
    REPORTED DATA(reported).

  COMMIT ENTITIES
    RESPONSE OF zi_flightbooking
    FAILED DATA(commit_failed).

  " THEN : Pas d'erreur
  cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_initial(
    act = commit_failed-flightbooking
    msg = 'cancelBooking devrait réussir"
  ).

  " Vérifier le statut et le motif d'annulation
  READ ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
    ENTITY FlightBooking
      FIELDS ( Status CancellationReason )
      WITH VALUE #( ( BookingUUID = lv_booking_uuid ) )
    RESULT DATA(lt_booking).

  cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_equals(
    exp = 'X'    " Cancelled
    act = lt_booking[ 1 ]-Status
    msg = 'Le statut devrait être Cancelled (X)"
  ).

  cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_equals(
    exp = 'Annulation client"
    act = lt_booking[ 1 ]-CancellationReason
    msg = 'Le motif d''annulation devrait être enregistré"
  ).
ENDMETHOD.

Test : Action avec cas d’erreur

METHOD test_confirm_already_confirmed.
  " GIVEN : Réservation déjà confirmée
  MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
    ENTITY FlightBooking
      CREATE FROM VALUE #(
        ( %cid        = 'B1"
          FlightId    = 'LH400"
          PassengerId = 'P001"
          Status      = 'C' )    " Déjà Confirmed
      )
    MAPPED DATA(mapped_create).

  COMMIT ENTITIES.

  DATA(lv_booking_uuid) = mapped_create-flightbooking[ 1 ]-BookingUUID.

  " WHEN : Tenter confirmBooking à nouveau
  MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
    ENTITY FlightBooking
      EXECUTE confirmBooking FROM VALUE #(
        ( BookingUUID = lv_booking_uuid )
      )
    FAILED DATA(failed)
    REPORTED DATA(reported).

  COMMIT ENTITIES
    RESPONSE OF zi_flightbooking
    FAILED DATA(commit_failed)
    REPORTED DATA(commit_reported).

  " THEN : Erreur attendue
  cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_not_initial(
    act = commit_failed-flightbooking
    msg = 'Une double confirmation devrait échouer"
  ).

  " Vérifier la présence du message d'erreur
  cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_bound(
    act = commit_reported-flightbooking[ 1 ]-%msg
    msg = 'Un message d''erreur devrait être présent"
  ).
ENDMETHOD.

Tester les Determinations

Les Determinations définissent automatiquement des valeurs de champs. Elles s’exécutent on modify ou on save.

Test : Définir le statut initial

METHOD test_set_initial_status.
  " GIVEN : Nouvelle réservation sans statut
  DATA lt_create TYPE TABLE FOR CREATE zi_flightbooking.
  lt_create = VALUE #(
    ( %cid        = 'B1"
      FlightId    = 'LH400"
      PassengerId = 'P001"
      FlightDate  = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 30
      SeatClass   = 'Y"
      " Status n'est PAS défini - la Determination doit le faire
    )
  ).

  " WHEN : Créer la réservation
  MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
    ENTITY FlightBooking
      CREATE FROM lt_create
    MAPPED DATA(mapped).

  COMMIT ENTITIES.

  " THEN : La Determination devrait avoir défini le Status à 'O' (Open)
  READ ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
    ENTITY FlightBooking
      FIELDS ( Status CreatedBy CreatedAt )
      WITH VALUE #( ( %cid = 'B1' ) )
    RESULT DATA(lt_booking).

  cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_equals(
    exp = 'O'    " Open
    act = lt_booking[ 1 ]-Status
    msg = 'La Determination devrait définir le Status à Open"
  ).

  " CreatedBy devrait être rempli
  cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_not_initial(
    act = lt_booking[ 1 ]-CreatedBy
    msg = 'CreatedBy devrait être défini par la Determination"
  ).

  " CreatedAt devrait être rempli
  cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_not_initial(
    act = lt_booking[ 1 ]-CreatedAt
    msg = 'CreatedAt devrait être défini par la Determination"
  ).
ENDMETHOD.

Test : Calculer le prix total

METHOD test_calculate_total_price.
  " GIVEN : Réservation avec prix de base et extras
  DATA lt_create TYPE TABLE FOR CREATE zi_flightbooking.
  lt_create = VALUE #(
    ( %cid          = 'B1"
      FlightId      = 'LH400"
      PassengerId   = 'P001"
      FlightDate    = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 30
      SeatClass     = 'C'      " Business Class
      BasePrice     = '450.00"
      Currency      = 'EUR"
      ExtraLuggage  = 2        " 2 bagages supplémentaires
      MealOption    = 'P'      " Repas Premium
    )
  ).

  " WHEN
  MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
    ENTITY FlightBooking
      CREATE FROM lt_create
    MAPPED DATA(mapped).

  COMMIT ENTITIES.

  " THEN : TotalPrice devrait être calculé
  READ ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
    ENTITY FlightBooking
      FIELDS ( TotalPrice BasePrice )
      WITH VALUE #( ( %cid = 'B1' ) )
    RESULT DATA(lt_booking).

  " Business Class : BasePrice * 2.5 = 1125.00
  " Bagages supplémentaires : 2 * 50 = 100.00
  " Repas Premium : 45.00
  " Total : 1270.00
  DATA(lv_expected_total) = CONV wrbtr( '1270.00' ).

  cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_equals(
    exp = lv_expected_total
    act = lt_booking[ 1 ]-TotalPrice
    msg = |TotalPrice devrait être { lv_expected_total }|
  ).
ENDMETHOD.

Test : Determination lors d’un changement de champ

METHOD test_recalculate_on_change.
  " GIVEN : Réservation existante
  MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
    ENTITY FlightBooking
      CREATE FROM VALUE #(
        ( %cid        = 'B1"
          FlightId    = 'LH400"
          PassengerId = 'P001"
          SeatClass   = 'Y'        " Economy
          BasePrice   = '450.00"
          Currency    = 'EUR' )
      )
    MAPPED DATA(mapped_create).

  COMMIT ENTITIES.

  DATA(lv_booking_uuid) = mapped_create-flightbooking[ 1 ]-BookingUUID.

  " TotalPrice initial
  READ ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
    ENTITY FlightBooking
      FIELDS ( TotalPrice )
      WITH VALUE #( ( BookingUUID = lv_booking_uuid ) )
    RESULT DATA(lt_initial).

  DATA(lv_initial_price) = lt_initial[ 1 ]-TotalPrice.

  " WHEN : Changer SeatClass en Business
  MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
    ENTITY FlightBooking
      UPDATE FIELDS ( SeatClass )
      WITH VALUE #(
        ( BookingUUID = lv_booking_uuid
          SeatClass   = 'C' )    " Business Class
      ).

  COMMIT ENTITIES.

  " THEN : TotalPrice devrait être recalculé
  READ ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
    ENTITY FlightBooking
      FIELDS ( TotalPrice )
      WITH VALUE #( ( BookingUUID = lv_booking_uuid ) )
    RESULT DATA(lt_updated).

  " Business Class est plus cher qu'Economy
  cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_true(
    act = xsdbool( lt_updated[ 1 ]-TotalPrice > lv_initial_price )
    msg = 'TotalPrice devrait être plus élevé après l''upgrade"
  ).
ENDMETHOD.

Mocking des dépendances

Test avec données de vol mockées

METHOD test_with_mocked_flight.
  " Le CDS Test Environment permet d'insérer directement des données de test
  " Cela remplace la vraie table de base de données

  " Vol spécial pour ce test
  mo_environment->insert_test_data(
    i_data = VALUE zi_flight_tab(
      ( FlightId     = 'TEST01"
        Carrier      = 'XX"
        FlightDate   = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 100
        Price        = '999.99"
        Currency     = 'EUR"
        SeatsMax     = 10
        SeatsOccupied = 0 )
    )
  ).

  " WHEN : Réservation pour le vol mocké
  MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
    ENTITY FlightBooking
      CREATE FROM VALUE #(
        ( %cid        = 'B1"
          FlightId    = 'TEST01"
          PassengerId = 'P001"
          SeatClass   = 'Y' )
      )
    MAPPED DATA(mapped).

  COMMIT ENTITIES
    RESPONSE OF zi_flightbooking
    FAILED DATA(commit_failed).

  " THEN : Succès avec les données mockées
  cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_initial(
    act = commit_failed-flightbooking
    msg = 'La réservation avec un vol mocké devrait fonctionner"
  ).
ENDMETHOD.

Test : Vol complet

METHOD test_fully_booked_flight.
  " GIVEN : Vol complet (SeatsOccupied = SeatsMax)
  mo_environment->clear_doubles( ).
  mo_environment->insert_test_data(
    i_data = VALUE zi_flight_tab(
      ( FlightId      = 'FULL01"
        Carrier       = 'LH"
        FlightDate    = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 30
        SeatsMax      = 100
        SeatsOccupied = 100 )   " Complet !
    )
  ).

  mo_environment->insert_test_data(
    i_data = VALUE zi_passenger_tab(
      ( PassengerId = 'P001' FirstName = 'Max' LastName = 'Dupont' )
    )
  ).

  " WHEN : Tenter de réserver un vol complet
  MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
    ENTITY FlightBooking
      CREATE FROM VALUE #(
        ( %cid        = 'B1"
          FlightId    = 'FULL01"
          PassengerId = 'P001"
          SeatClass   = 'Y' )
      ).

  COMMIT ENTITIES
    RESPONSE OF zi_flightbooking
    FAILED DATA(commit_failed)
    REPORTED DATA(commit_reported).

  " THEN : Erreur - Vol complet
  cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_not_initial(
    act = commit_failed-flightbooking
    msg = 'Un vol complet devrait causer une erreur"
  ).
ENDMETHOD.

Exemple complet de classe de test

CLASS ltc_flight_booking DEFINITION FINAL FOR TESTING
  DURATION SHORT
  RISK LEVEL HARMLESS.

  PRIVATE SECTION.
    CLASS-DATA mo_environment TYPE REF TO if_cds_test_environment.

    CLASS-METHODS class_setup.
    CLASS-METHODS class_teardown.

    METHODS setup.
    METHODS teardown.

    " === VALIDATIONS ===
    METHODS test_valid_booking FOR TESTING.
    METHODS test_invalid_date FOR TESTING.
    METHODS test_missing_passenger FOR TESTING.
    METHODS test_invalid_seat_class FOR TESTING.

    " === ACTIONS ===
    METHODS test_confirm_booking FOR TESTING.
    METHODS test_cancel_booking FOR TESTING.
    METHODS test_confirm_already_canceled FOR TESTING.
    METHODS test_reschedule_booking FOR TESTING.

    " === DETERMINATIONS ===
    METHODS test_set_initial_status FOR TESTING.
    METHODS test_calculate_price FOR TESTING.
    METHODS test_set_booking_number FOR TESTING.

    " === MÉTHODES UTILITAIRES ===
    METHODS create_test_booking
      IMPORTING iv_cid        TYPE string DEFAULT 'B1"
                iv_flight_id  TYPE zflight_id DEFAULT 'LH400"
                iv_status     TYPE zstatus DEFAULT 'O"
      RETURNING VALUE(rv_uuid) TYPE sysuuid_x16.
ENDCLASS.

CLASS ltc_flight_booking IMPLEMENTATION.

  METHOD class_setup.
    mo_environment = cl_cds_test_environment=>create_for_multiple_cds(
      i_for_entities = VALUE #(
        ( i_for_entity = 'ZI_FlightBooking' )
        ( i_for_entity = 'ZI_Flight' )
        ( i_for_entity = 'ZI_Passenger' )
      )
    ).
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD class_teardown.
    mo_environment->destroy( ).
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD setup.
    mo_environment->clear_doubles( ).

    " Données de test standard
    mo_environment->insert_test_data(
      i_data = VALUE zi_flight_tab(
        ( FlightId     = 'LH400"
          Carrier      = 'LH"
          Connection   = '0400"
          FlightDate   = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 30
          Price        = '450.00"
          Currency     = 'EUR"
          SeatsMax     = 200
          SeatsOccupied = 50 )
      )
    ).

    mo_environment->insert_test_data(
      i_data = VALUE zi_passenger_tab(
        ( PassengerId = 'P001' FirstName = 'Max' LastName = 'Dupont' )
      )
    ).
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD teardown.
    ROLLBACK ENTITIES.
  ENDMETHOD.

  " === MÉTHODE UTILITAIRE ===
  METHOD create_test_booking.
    MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
      ENTITY FlightBooking
        CREATE FROM VALUE #(
          ( %cid        = iv_cid
            FlightId    = iv_flight_id
            PassengerId = 'P001"
            FlightDate  = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 30
            Status      = iv_status
            SeatClass   = 'Y' )
        )
      MAPPED DATA(mapped).

    COMMIT ENTITIES.

    rv_uuid = mapped-flightbooking[ 1 ]-BookingUUID.
  ENDMETHOD.

  " === VALIDATIONS ===
  METHOD test_valid_booking.
    " GIVEN/WHEN
    DATA(lv_uuid) = create_test_booking( ).

    " THEN
    cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_not_initial(
      act = lv_uuid
      msg = 'Une réservation valide devrait être créée"
    ).
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD test_invalid_date.
    " GIVEN : Date dans le passé
    MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
      ENTITY FlightBooking
        CREATE FROM VALUE #(
          ( %cid        = 'B1"
            FlightId    = 'LH400"
            PassengerId = 'P001"
            FlightDate  = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) - 5
            SeatClass   = 'Y' )
        ).

    COMMIT ENTITIES
      RESPONSE OF zi_flightbooking
      FAILED DATA(commit_failed).

    " THEN
    cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_not_initial(
      act = commit_failed-flightbooking
      msg = 'Une date passée devrait causer une erreur"
    ).
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD test_missing_passenger.
    MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
      ENTITY FlightBooking
        CREATE FROM VALUE #(
          ( %cid        = 'B1"
            FlightId    = 'LH400"
            PassengerId = '"
            FlightDate  = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 30
            SeatClass   = 'Y' )
        ).

    COMMIT ENTITIES
      RESPONSE OF zi_flightbooking
      FAILED DATA(commit_failed).

    cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_not_initial(
      act = commit_failed-flightbooking
      msg = 'Un passager manquant devrait causer une erreur"
    ).
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD test_invalid_seat_class.
    MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
      ENTITY FlightBooking
        CREATE FROM VALUE #(
          ( %cid        = 'B1"
            FlightId    = 'LH400"
            PassengerId = 'P001"
            FlightDate  = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 30
            SeatClass   = 'X' )   " Invalide
        ).

    COMMIT ENTITIES
      RESPONSE OF zi_flightbooking
      FAILED DATA(commit_failed).

    cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_not_initial(
      act = commit_failed-flightbooking
      msg = 'Une SeatClass invalide devrait causer une erreur"
    ).
  ENDMETHOD.

  " === ACTIONS ===
  METHOD test_confirm_booking.
    DATA(lv_uuid) = create_test_booking( iv_status = 'O' ).

    MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
      ENTITY FlightBooking
        EXECUTE confirmBooking FROM VALUE #(
          ( BookingUUID = lv_uuid )
        )
      FAILED DATA(failed).

    COMMIT ENTITIES
      RESPONSE OF zi_flightbooking
      FAILED DATA(commit_failed).

    cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_initial(
      act = commit_failed-flightbooking
      msg = 'confirmBooking devrait réussir"
    ).

    READ ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
      ENTITY FlightBooking
        FIELDS ( Status )
        WITH VALUE #( ( BookingUUID = lv_uuid ) )
      RESULT DATA(lt_booking).

    cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_equals(
      exp = 'C"
      act = lt_booking[ 1 ]-Status
    ).
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD test_cancel_booking.
    DATA(lv_uuid) = create_test_booking( iv_status = 'C' ).

    MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
      ENTITY FlightBooking
        EXECUTE cancelBooking FROM VALUE #(
          ( BookingUUID = lv_uuid
            %param = VALUE za_cancellation_reason(
              ReasonCode = 'CX"
              ReasonText = 'Annulation de test' ) )
        ).

    COMMIT ENTITIES
      RESPONSE OF zi_flightbooking
      FAILED DATA(commit_failed).

    cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_initial(
      act = commit_failed-flightbooking
      msg = 'cancelBooking devrait réussir"
    ).

    READ ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
      ENTITY FlightBooking
        FIELDS ( Status )
        WITH VALUE #( ( BookingUUID = lv_uuid ) )
      RESULT DATA(lt_booking).

    cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_equals(
      exp = 'X"
      act = lt_booking[ 1 ]-Status
    ).
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD test_confirm_already_canceled.
    DATA(lv_uuid) = create_test_booking( iv_status = 'X' ).

    MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
      ENTITY FlightBooking
        EXECUTE confirmBooking FROM VALUE #(
          ( BookingUUID = lv_uuid )
        ).

    COMMIT ENTITIES
      RESPONSE OF zi_flightbooking
      FAILED DATA(commit_failed).

    cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_not_initial(
      act = commit_failed-flightbooking
      msg = 'Une réservation annulée ne peut pas être confirmée"
    ).
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD test_reschedule_booking.
    DATA(lv_uuid) = create_test_booking( ).
    DATA(lv_new_date) = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 60.

    MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
      ENTITY FlightBooking
        EXECUTE rescheduleBooking FROM VALUE #(
          ( BookingUUID = lv_uuid
            %param = VALUE za_reschedule_input(
              NewFlightDate = lv_new_date ) )
        ).

    COMMIT ENTITIES
      RESPONSE OF zi_flightbooking
      FAILED DATA(commit_failed).

    cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_initial(
      act = commit_failed-flightbooking
      msg = 'Le changement de date devrait réussir"
    ).

    READ ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
      ENTITY FlightBooking
        FIELDS ( FlightDate )
        WITH VALUE #( ( BookingUUID = lv_uuid ) )
      RESULT DATA(lt_booking).

    cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_equals(
      exp = lv_new_date
      act = lt_booking[ 1 ]-FlightDate
    ).
  ENDMETHOD.

  " === DETERMINATIONS ===
  METHOD test_set_initial_status.
    MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
      ENTITY FlightBooking
        CREATE FROM VALUE #(
          ( %cid        = 'B1"
            FlightId    = 'LH400"
            PassengerId = 'P001"
            FlightDate  = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 30
            SeatClass   = 'Y' )
        )
      MAPPED DATA(mapped).

    COMMIT ENTITIES.

    READ ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
      ENTITY FlightBooking
        FIELDS ( Status )
        WITH VALUE #( ( %cid = 'B1' ) )
      RESULT DATA(lt_booking).

    cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_equals(
      exp = 'O"
      act = lt_booking[ 1 ]-Status
      msg = 'Le statut initial devrait être Open (O)"
    ).
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD test_calculate_price.
    MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
      ENTITY FlightBooking
        CREATE FROM VALUE #(
          ( %cid        = 'B1"
            FlightId    = 'LH400"
            PassengerId = 'P001"
            FlightDate  = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 30
            SeatClass   = 'Y"
            BasePrice   = '450.00"
            Currency    = 'EUR' )
        )
      MAPPED DATA(mapped).

    COMMIT ENTITIES.

    READ ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
      ENTITY FlightBooking
        FIELDS ( TotalPrice )
        WITH VALUE #( ( %cid = 'B1' ) )
      RESULT DATA(lt_booking).

    cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_not_initial(
      act = lt_booking[ 1 ]-TotalPrice
      msg = 'TotalPrice devrait être défini par la Determination"
    ).
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD test_set_booking_number.
    MODIFY ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
      ENTITY FlightBooking
        CREATE FROM VALUE #(
          ( %cid        = 'B1"
            FlightId    = 'LH400"
            PassengerId = 'P001"
            FlightDate  = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) + 30
            SeatClass   = 'Y' )
        )
      MAPPED DATA(mapped).

    COMMIT ENTITIES.

    READ ENTITIES OF zi_flightbooking
      ENTITY FlightBooking
        FIELDS ( BookingNumber )
        WITH VALUE #( ( %cid = 'B1' ) )
      RESULT DATA(lt_booking).

    cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_not_initial(
      act = lt_booking[ 1 ]-BookingNumber
      msg = 'BookingNumber devrait être généré automatiquement"
    ).
  ENDMETHOD.

ENDCLASS.

Bonnes pratiques pour les tests RAP

Checklist de test

Composant	Que tester ?	Comment tester ?
Validation	Cas de succès	CREATE avec données valides
	Cas d’erreur	CREATE avec données invalides
	Marquage de champ	Vérifier `%element-FieldName`
	Message d’erreur	Vérifier `%msg`
Action	Cas de succès	EXECUTE + vérifier le statut
	Cas d’erreur	EXECUTE sur statut invalide
	Avec paramètre	Passer `%param`
Determination	on modify	Vérifier le champ après CREATE
	on save	Vérifier le champ après COMMIT
	Recalcul	UPDATE + changement de champ

À faire et à ne pas faire

À FAIRE :

" Préparer les données de test dans setup()
METHOD setup.
  mo_environment->clear_doubles( ).
  mo_environment->insert_test_data( ... ).
ENDMETHOD.

" ROLLBACK ENTITIES dans teardown()
METHOD teardown.
  ROLLBACK ENTITIES.
ENDMETHOD.

" Un test = Un scénario
METHOD test_confirm_booking.
  " Tester uniquement confirmBooking
ENDMETHOD.

" Méthodes utilitaires pour la réutilisation
METHOD create_test_booking.
  " Création de réservation réutilisable
ENDMETHOD.

À NE PAS FAIRE :

" Pas de vraies données DB dans les tests
SELECT * FROM zflight INTO TABLE @lt_flights.  " Non !

" Pas de dépendances entre les tests
METHOD test_2.
  " S'attend à ce que test_1 ait déjà été exécuté - MAUVAIS !
ENDMETHOD.

" Pas trop d'assertions par test
METHOD test_everything.
  cl_abap_unit_assert=>...  " 20 assertions = confus
ENDMETHOD.

Ressources supplémentaires

Tests unitaires ABAP dans ABAP Cloud - Fondamentaux des tests unitaires
Test Doubles et Mocking - Techniques de mocking
Determinations et Validations RAP - Implémentation du Behavior
Actions et Functions RAP - Implémentation des Actions