Multi-Language/Traductions dans ABAP Cloud

" Definition d'une Message Class (dans ADT)
" Message Class : ZTRAVEL_MSG
" Messages :
"   001 - Voyage & cree avec succes
"   002 - Voyage & deja reserve
"   003 - Dates de voyage invalides : & a &
"   004 - Duree maximale de voyage de & jours depassee

CLASS zcl_travel_validation DEFINITION
  PUBLIC FINAL
  CREATE PUBLIC.

  PUBLIC SECTION.
    INTERFACES if_abap_behavior_handler.

ENDCLASS.

CLASS zcl_travel_validation IMPLEMENTATION.

  METHOD if_abap_behavior_handler~validate.
    " Afficher un message avec parametres
    DATA(ls_travel) = <fs_travel>.

    IF ls_travel-begin_date > ls_travel-end_date.
      " Message 003 : Dates de voyage invalides : & a &
      APPEND VALUE #(
        %tky = ls_travel-%tky
        %msg = new_message_with_text(
          severity = if_abap_behv_message=>severity-error
          text     = |Dates de voyage invalides : { ls_travel-begin_date } a { ls_travel-end_date }|
        )
      ) TO reported-travel.
    ENDIF.

    " Alternative : Utiliser Message Class
    APPEND VALUE #(
      %tky = ls_travel-%tky
      %msg = new_message(
        id       = 'ZTRAVEL_MSG"
        number   = '003"
        severity = if_abap_behv_message=>severity-error
        v1       = |{ ls_travel-begin_date }|
        v2       = |{ ls_travel-end_date }|
      )
    ) TO reported-travel.
  ENDMETHOD.

ENDCLASS.

" ZTRAVEL_MSG - Message 003
" EN : Invalid travel dates: & to &
" DE : Ungueltige Reisedaten: & bis &
" FR : Dates de voyage invalides : & a &
" ES : Fechas de viaje no validas: & a &

CLASS zcl_travel_report DEFINITION
  PUBLIC FINAL
  CREATE PUBLIC.

  PUBLIC SECTION.
    " Les Text Symbols sont definis dans la classe
    " TEXT-001 : Apercu des voyages
    " TEXT-002 : Aucun voyage trouve
    " TEXT-003 : Voyage cree le

    METHODS generate_report
      RETURNING VALUE(rv_html) TYPE string.

ENDCLASS.

CLASS zcl_travel_report IMPLEMENTATION.

  METHOD generate_report.
    " Utiliser les Text Symbols
    DATA(lv_title) = TEXT-001.  " Apercu des voyages

    " Alternativement : Texte inline avec traduction
    DATA(lv_no_data) = 'No travels found'(002).

    " Texte avec variables
    rv_html = |<h1>{ lv_title }</h1>|.

    IF lt_travels IS INITIAL.
      rv_html = rv_html && |<p>{ lv_no_data }</p>|.
    ENDIF.
  ENDMETHOD.

ENDCLASS.

@EndUserText.label : 'Textes produits"
@AbapCatalog.enhancement.category : #NOT_EXTENSIBLE
@AbapCatalog.tableCategory : #TRANSPARENT
@AbapCatalog.deliveryClass : #A
define table zproduct_text {
  key client    : abap.clnt not null;
  key product_id: zproduct_id not null;
  key language  : abap.lang not null;
  name          : abap.char(60);
  description   : abap.char(255);
}

@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #CHECK
@EndUserText.label: 'Produit avec textes"
define view entity ZI_Product
  as select from zproduct as Product
  association [0..*] to zproduct_text as _Text
    on  _Text.product_id = Product.product_id
{
  key Product.product_id   as ProductId,
      Product.product_type as ProductType,
      Product.price        as Price,
      Product.currency     as Currency,

      " Exposer la Text Association
      _Text
}

@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #CHECK
@EndUserText.label: 'Produit (Projection)"
@Metadata.allowExtensions: true
define view entity ZC_Product
  as projection on ZI_Product
{
  key ProductId,
      ProductType,
      Price,
      Currency,

      " Text Association avec filtrage automatique de la langue
      @ObjectModel.text.association: '_Text"
      _Text
}

@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #CHECK
@EndUserText.label: 'Vue texte produit"
define view entity ZI_ProductText
  as select from zproduct_text
{
  key product_id as ProductId,
  @Semantics.language: true
  key language   as Language,
      name       as Name,
      description as Description
}

@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #CHECK
@EndUserText.label: 'Produit avec description"
define view entity ZI_ProductWithText
  as select from zproduct as Product
  left outer join zproduct_text as Text
    on  Text.product_id = Product.product_id
    and Text.language   = $session.system_language
{
  key Product.product_id as ProductId,
      Product.price      as Price,

      " Texte dans la langue utilisateur
      Text.name          as ProductName,
      Text.description   as ProductDescription
}

@EndUserText.label : 'ID Produit"
@AbapCatalog.enhancement.category : #NOT_EXTENSIBLE
define type zproduct_id : abap.char(10);

@EndUserText.label : 'Statut voyage"
define domain ztravel_status : abap.char(1) {
  value 'N' : 'New';           " Nouveau
  value 'O' : 'Open';          " Ouvert
  value 'A' : 'Approved';      " Approuve
  value 'X' : 'Rejected';      " Rejete
}

@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #CHECK
@EndUserText.label: 'Travel Management"
@EndUserText.quickInfo: 'Manage business travels and expenses"
define view entity ZI_Travel
  as select from ztravel
{
  @EndUserText.label: 'Travel ID"
  @EndUserText.quickInfo: 'Unique travel identifier"
  key travel_id     as TravelId,

  @EndUserText.label: 'Agency"
  agency_id         as AgencyId,

  @EndUserText.label: 'Customer"
  customer_id       as CustomerId,

  @EndUserText.label: 'Begin Date"
  begin_date        as BeginDate,

  @EndUserText.label: 'End Date"
  end_date          as EndDate,

  @EndUserText.label: 'Total Price"
  total_price       as TotalPrice
}

@UI.headerInfo: {
  typeName: 'Travel',
  typeNamePlural: 'Travels',
  title: { value: 'TravelId' },
  description: { value: 'Description' }
}
define view entity ZC_Travel
  as projection on ZI_Travel
{
  @UI.facet: [
    {
      id: 'GeneralInfo',
      label: 'General Information',
      type: #IDENTIFICATION_REFERENCE
    },
    {
      id: 'Dates',
      label: 'Travel Dates',
      type: #FIELDGROUP_REFERENCE,
      targetQualifier: 'Dates"
    }
  ]

  @UI.identification: [{ position: 10 }]
  @UI.lineItem: [{ position: 10, label: 'Travel' }]
  key TravelId,

  @UI.fieldGroup: [{ qualifier: 'Dates', position: 10, label: 'From' }]
  BeginDate,

  @UI.fieldGroup: [{ qualifier: 'Dates', position: 20, label: 'To' }]
  EndDate
}

<!-- Exemple export XLIFF -->
<xliff version="1.2">
  <file source-language="en" target-language="fr">
    <body>
      <trans-unit id="ZTRAVEL_MSG.001">
        <source>Travel & successfully created</source>
        <target>Voyage & cree avec succes</target>
      </trans-unit>
      <trans-unit id="ZTRAVEL_MSG.002">
        <source>Travel & already booked</source>
        <target>Voyage & deja reserve</target>
      </trans-unit>
    </body>
  </file>
</xliff>

" Toujours utiliser des textes originaux en anglais
" ZTRAVEL_MSG
" 001 - EN: Travel & successfully created
" 001 - FR: Voyage & cree avec succes

" Bien : Texte flexible avec placeholders
" & records were processed successfully.
" & enregistrements traites avec succes.

" Mauvais : La grammaire ne fonctionne pas dans toutes les langues
" & record(s) processed.

" Performant : Join avec fallback
define view entity ZI_ProductWithText
  as select from zproduct as Product
  left outer join zproduct_text as UserText
    on  UserText.product_id = Product.product_id
    and UserText.language   = $session.system_language
  left outer join zproduct_text as FallbackText
    on  FallbackText.product_id = Product.product_id
    and FallbackText.language   = 'E'  " Anglais comme fallback
{
  key Product.product_id,
      " Preferer la langue utilisateur, sinon fallback
      coalesce( UserText.name, FallbackText.name ) as Name
}

" CDS View pour les traductions manquantes
define view entity ZI_MissingTranslations
  as select from zproduct as Product
  left outer join zproduct_text as Text
    on  Text.product_id = Product.product_id
    and Text.language   = 'F'  " Traduction francaise
{
  key Product.product_id,
      case when Text.product_id is null then 'X' else '' end as MissingFR
}
where Text.product_id is null

coalesce(
  UserText.name,
  FallbackText.name,
  cast( Product.product_id as abap.char(60) )
) as DisplayName

" Message Class au lieu de concatenation de strings
MESSAGE e001(ztravel_msg) WITH lv_travel_id INTO DATA(lv_msg).