ABAP FOR : Iteration inline dans les expressions

FOR <variable> IN <table> [ INDEX INTO <index> ] [ WHERE ( <condition> ) ]

FOR <variable> = <valeur_initiale> [ THEN <expression> ] UNTIL <condition>
FOR <variable> = <valeur_initiale> [ THEN <expression> ] WHILE <condition>

FOR GROUPS <groupe> OF <variable> IN <table>
    GROUP BY <expression_regroupement>

" Creer une table a partir d'une autre table
DATA(lt_result) = VALUE ty_result_tab(
  FOR ls_source IN lt_source
  ( champ1 = ls_source-champ1 champ2 = ls_source-champ2 )
).

TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_person,
         id   TYPE i,
         name TYPE string,
         age  TYPE i,
       END OF ty_person,
       ty_persons TYPE TABLE OF ty_person WITH EMPTY KEY.

TYPES: ty_names TYPE TABLE OF string WITH EMPTY KEY.

DATA: lt_persons TYPE ty_persons.

lt_persons = VALUE #(
  ( id = 1 name = 'Max'   age = 30 )
  ( id = 2 name = 'Anna'  age = 25 )
  ( id = 3 name = 'Peter' age = 35 )
).

" Extraire uniquement les noms
DATA(lt_names) = VALUE ty_names(
  FOR ls_person IN lt_persons
  ( ls_person-name )
).

" Resultat : Max, Anna, Peter

" === CLASSIQUE AVEC LOOP ===
DATA: lt_names_classic TYPE ty_names.

LOOP AT lt_persons INTO DATA(ls_p).
  APPEND ls_p-name TO lt_names_classic.
ENDLOOP.


" === MODERNE AVEC FOR ===
DATA(lt_names_modern) = VALUE ty_names(
  FOR ls_p IN lt_persons
  ( ls_p-name )
).

" Uniquement les adultes (age >= 18)
DATA(lt_adults) = VALUE ty_persons(
  FOR ls_person IN lt_persons
  WHERE ( age >= 18 )
  ( ls_person )
).

" Condition plus complexe
DATA(lt_filtered) = VALUE ty_persons(
  FOR ls_person IN lt_persons
  WHERE ( age >= 25 AND name <> 'Max' )
  ( ls_person )
).

TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_product,
         id       TYPE i,
         name     TYPE string,
         price    TYPE p DECIMALS 2,
         quantity TYPE i,
       END OF ty_product.

TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_order_line,
         product_id TYPE i,
         total      TYPE p DECIMALS 2,
       END OF ty_order_line,
       ty_order_lines TYPE TABLE OF ty_order_line WITH EMPTY KEY.

DATA: lt_products TYPE TABLE OF ty_product.

lt_products = VALUE #(
  ( id = 1 name = 'Widget'  price = '10.00' quantity = 5 )
  ( id = 2 name = 'Gadget'  price = '25.00' quantity = 3 )
  ( id = 3 name = 'Gizmo'   price = '15.00' quantity = 8 )
).

" Calculer les lignes de commande avec prix total
DATA(lt_order_lines) = VALUE ty_order_lines(
  FOR ls_prod IN lt_products
  ( product_id = ls_prod-id
    total      = ls_prod-price * ls_prod-quantity )
).

TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_numbered,
         position TYPE i,
         name     TYPE string,
       END OF ty_numbered,
       ty_numbered_tab TYPE TABLE OF ty_numbered WITH EMPTY KEY.

DATA(lt_numbered) = VALUE ty_numbered_tab(
  FOR ls_person IN lt_persons INDEX INTO lv_idx
  ( position = lv_idx
    name     = ls_person-name )
).

" Resultat :
" position = 1, name = 'Max"
" position = 2, name = 'Anna"
" position = 3, name = 'Peter"

TYPES: ty_colors TYPE TABLE OF string WITH EMPTY KEY,
       ty_sizes  TYPE TABLE OF string WITH EMPTY KEY.

TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_variant,
         color TYPE string,
         size  TYPE string,
       END OF ty_variant,
       ty_variants TYPE TABLE OF ty_variant WITH EMPTY KEY.

DATA: lt_colors TYPE ty_colors,
      lt_sizes  TYPE ty_sizes.

lt_colors = VALUE #( ( `Rouge` ) ( `Bleu` ) ( `Vert` ) ).
lt_sizes  = VALUE #( ( `S` ) ( `M` ) ( `L` ) ).

" Creer toutes les combinaisons
DATA(lt_variants) = VALUE ty_variants(
  FOR lv_color IN lt_colors
  FOR lv_size IN lt_sizes
  ( color = lv_color
    size  = lv_size )
).

" Resultat : 9 combinaisons (3x3)
" Rouge-S, Rouge-M, Rouge-L, Bleu-S, Bleu-M, ...

TYPES: ty_numbers TYPE TABLE OF i WITH EMPTY KEY.

" Generer les nombres 1 a 10
DATA(lt_1_to_10) = VALUE ty_numbers(
  FOR i = 1 UNTIL i > 10
  ( i )
).

" Avec THEN pour le pas
DATA(lt_even) = VALUE ty_numbers(
  FOR i = 2 THEN i + 2 UNTIL i > 20
  ( i )
).
" Resultat : 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20

" Carres inferieurs a 100
DATA(lt_squares) = VALUE ty_numbers(
  FOR n = 1 WHILE n * n < 100
  ( n * n )
).
" Resultat : 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81

TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_sale,
         region TYPE string,
         amount TYPE p DECIMALS 2,
       END OF ty_sale,
       ty_sales TYPE TABLE OF ty_sale WITH EMPTY KEY.

DATA: lt_sales TYPE ty_sales.

lt_sales = VALUE #(
  ( region = 'NORTH' amount = '1000.00' )
  ( region = 'SOUTH' amount = '2000.00' )
  ( region = 'NORTH' amount = '1500.00' )
  ( region = 'EAST'  amount = '800.00' )
  ( region = 'SOUTH' amount = '1200.00' )
).

TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_region_total,
         region TYPE string,
         total  TYPE p DECIMALS 2,
       END OF ty_region_total,
       ty_region_totals TYPE TABLE OF ty_region_total WITH EMPTY KEY.

" Somme par region
DATA(lt_by_region) = VALUE ty_region_totals(
  FOR GROUPS <group> OF ls_sale IN lt_sales
      GROUP BY ls_sale-region
  ( region = <group>
    total  = REDUCE p DECIMALS 2(
      INIT sum = CONV p DECIMALS 2( 0 )
      FOR m IN GROUP <group>
      NEXT sum = sum + m-amount
    )
  )
).

" Resultat :
" NORTH: 2500.00
" SOUTH: 3200.00
" EAST:  800.00

TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_order,
         year     TYPE i,
         month    TYPE i,
         category TYPE string,
         amount   TYPE p DECIMALS 2,
       END OF ty_order.

DATA: lt_orders TYPE TABLE OF ty_order.

lt_orders = VALUE #(
  ( year = 2024 month = 1  category = 'A' amount = 100 )
  ( year = 2024 month = 1  category = 'A' amount = 150 )
  ( year = 2024 month = 1  category = 'B' amount = 200 )
  ( year = 2024 month = 2  category = 'A' amount = 300 )
).

TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_group_key,
         year  TYPE i,
         month TYPE i,
       END OF ty_group_key.

" Regroupement par annee et mois
DATA(lt_monthly) = VALUE ty_region_totals(
  FOR GROUPS <grp> OF ls_ord IN lt_orders
      GROUP BY ( year = ls_ord-year month = ls_ord-month )
  ( region = |{ <grp>-year }/{ <grp>-month }|
    total  = REDUCE p DECIMALS 2(
      INIT s = CONV p DECIMALS 2( 0 )
      FOR m IN GROUP <grp>
      NEXT s = s + m-amount
    )
  )
).

TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_display,
         id      TYPE i,
         display TYPE string,
       END OF ty_display,
       ty_displays TYPE TABLE OF ty_display WITH EMPTY KEY.

DATA(lt_display) = VALUE ty_displays(
  FOR ls_person IN lt_persons
  LET prefix = 'ID: "
      suffix = COND #( WHEN ls_person-age >= 30 THEN ' (Senior)' ELSE '' )
  IN
  ( id      = ls_person-id
    display = |{ prefix }{ ls_person-id } - { ls_person-name }{ suffix }| )
).

" Somme de tous les montants
DATA(lv_total) = REDUCE p DECIMALS 2(
  INIT sum = CONV p DECIMALS 2( 0 )
  FOR ls_sale IN lt_sales
  NEXT sum = sum + ls_sale-amount
).

" Avec filtrage WHERE
DATA(lv_north_total) = REDUCE p DECIMALS 2(
  INIT sum = CONV p DECIMALS 2( 0 )
  FOR ls_sale IN lt_sales
  WHERE ( region = 'NORTH' )
  NEXT sum = sum + ls_sale-amount
).

" Creer une table comme reference
DATA(lr_names) = NEW ty_names(
  FOR ls_person IN lt_persons
  ( ls_person-name )
).

LOOP AT lr_names->* INTO DATA(lv_name).
  WRITE: / lv_name.
ENDLOOP.

DATA: lt_existing TYPE ty_names.

lt_existing = VALUE #( ( `Existing1` ) ( `Existing2` ) ).

" Ajouter de nouvelles entrees
DATA(lt_combined) = VALUE ty_names(
  BASE lt_existing
  FOR ls_person IN lt_persons
  ( ls_person-name )
).

" Resultat : Existing1, Existing2, Max, Anna, Peter

TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_source,
         kunnr TYPE string,
         name1 TYPE string,
         ort01 TYPE string,
       END OF ty_source,

       BEGIN OF ty_target,
         customer_id   TYPE string,
         customer_name TYPE string,
         city          TYPE string,
       END OF ty_target,
       ty_targets TYPE TABLE OF ty_target WITH EMPTY KEY.

DATA: lt_source TYPE TABLE OF ty_source.

lt_source = VALUE #(
  ( kunnr = '1000' name1 = 'Mueller GmbH' ort01 = 'Berlin' )
  ( kunnr = '2000' name1 = 'Schmidt AG'  ort01 = 'Munich' )
).

" Transformation avec CORRESPONDING
DATA(lt_target) = VALUE ty_targets(
  FOR ls_src IN lt_source
  ( CORRESPONDING #( ls_src
      MAPPING customer_id   = kunnr
              customer_name = name1
              city          = ort01
    )
  )
).

" FOR dans VALUE
DATA(lt_result) = VALUE ty_tab( FOR ... ( ... ) ).

" FOR dans REDUCE
DATA(lv_result) = REDUCE type( INIT ... FOR ... NEXT ... ).

" FOR dans NEW
DATA(lr_result) = NEW ty_tab( FOR ... ( ... ) ).

" FOR imbrique
DATA(lt_matrix) = VALUE ty_tab(
  FOR i = 1 UNTIL i > 3
  FOR j = 1 UNTIL j > 3
  ( row = i col = j )
).