ABAP COND y SWITCH: Expresiones condicionales inline

COND <tipo>(
  WHEN <condicion1> THEN <valor1>
  [ WHEN <condicion2> THEN <valor2> ]
  [ ELSE <valor_por_defecto> ]
)

DATA: lv_age TYPE i VALUE 25.

" Clásico con IF
DATA: lv_status TYPE string.
IF lv_age >= 18.
  lv_status = 'Adulto'.
ELSE.
  lv_status = 'Menor de edad'.
ENDIF.

" Moderno con COND
DATA(lv_status2) = COND string(
  WHEN lv_age >= 18 THEN 'Adulto'
  ELSE 'Menor de edad'
).

DATA: lv_score TYPE i VALUE 75.

DATA(lv_grade) = COND string(
  WHEN lv_score >= 90 THEN 'Sobresaliente'
  WHEN lv_score >= 80 THEN 'Notable'
  WHEN lv_score >= 70 THEN 'Bien'
  WHEN lv_score >= 60 THEN 'Suficiente'
  ELSE 'No aprobado'
).

WRITE: / 'Calificación:', lv_grade.  " Bien

DATA: lv_quantity TYPE i VALUE 150.

" Escala de descuentos
DATA(lv_discount) = COND decfloat16(
  WHEN lv_quantity >= 100 THEN '0.15'   " 15%
  WHEN lv_quantity >= 50  THEN '0.10'   " 10%
  WHEN lv_quantity >= 10  THEN '0.05'   " 5%
  ELSE '0.00'
).

DATA(lv_price) = 100 * ( 1 - lv_discount ).

DATA: lv_age    TYPE i VALUE 25,
      lv_member TYPE abap_bool VALUE abap_true.

DATA(lv_ticket_price) = COND i(
  WHEN lv_age < 6 THEN 0                           " Niños gratis
  WHEN lv_age < 18 OR lv_age >= 65 THEN 10         " Reducido
  WHEN lv_member = abap_true THEN 15               " Miembros
  ELSE 20                                           " Precio normal
).

TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_result,
         status  TYPE string,
         message TYPE string,
       END OF ty_result.

DATA: lv_code TYPE i VALUE 200.

DATA(ls_result) = COND ty_result(
  WHEN lv_code = 200 THEN VALUE #( status = 'OK' message = 'Exitoso' )
  WHEN lv_code = 404 THEN VALUE #( status = 'ERROR' message = 'No encontrado' )
  WHEN lv_code = 500 THEN VALUE #( status = 'ERROR' message = 'Error de servidor' )
  ELSE VALUE #( status = 'UNKNOWN' message = 'Código desconocido' )
).

DATA(lv_message) = COND string(
  LET today = sy-datum
      age   = 30
  IN
  WHEN today+4(2) = '12' THEN |Diciembre, { age } años|
  ELSE |Mes normal, { age } años|
).

DATA: lv_divisor TYPE i VALUE 0.

DATA(lv_result) = COND i(
  WHEN lv_divisor <> 0 THEN 100 / lv_divisor
  ELSE THROW cx_sy_zerodivide( )
).

SWITCH <tipo>( <operando>
  WHEN <valor1> THEN <resultado1>
  [ WHEN <valor2> THEN <resultado2> ]
  [ ELSE <valor_por_defecto> ]
)

DATA: lv_day TYPE i VALUE 3.

" Clásico con CASE
DATA: lv_name TYPE string.
CASE lv_day.
  WHEN 1. lv_name = 'Lunes'.
  WHEN 2. lv_name = 'Martes'.
  WHEN 3. lv_name = 'Miércoles'.
  WHEN OTHERS. lv_name = 'Desconocido'.
ENDCASE.

" Moderno con SWITCH
DATA(lv_name2) = SWITCH string( lv_day
  WHEN 1 THEN 'Lunes'
  WHEN 2 THEN 'Martes'
  WHEN 3 THEN 'Miércoles'
  WHEN 4 THEN 'Jueves'
  WHEN 5 THEN 'Viernes'
  WHEN 6 THEN 'Sábado'
  WHEN 7 THEN 'Domingo'
  ELSE 'Inválido'
).

DATA: lv_month TYPE i VALUE 7.

DATA(lv_season) = SWITCH string( lv_month
  WHEN 3 OR 4 OR 5   THEN 'Primavera'
  WHEN 6 OR 7 OR 8   THEN 'Verano'
  WHEN 9 OR 10 OR 11 THEN 'Otoño'
  WHEN 12 OR 1 OR 2  THEN 'Invierno'
  ELSE 'Mes inválido'
).

DATA: lv_status TYPE c LENGTH 1 VALUE 'A'.

DATA(lv_description) = SWITCH string( lv_status
  WHEN 'A' THEN 'Activo'
  WHEN 'I' THEN 'Inactivo'
  WHEN 'P' THEN 'Pendiente'
  WHEN 'C' THEN 'Completado'
  WHEN 'X' THEN 'Cancelado'
  ELSE 'Desconocido'
).

TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_config,
         color   TYPE string,
         size    TYPE i,
         enabled TYPE abap_bool,
       END OF ty_config.

DATA: lv_mode TYPE string VALUE 'DARK'.

DATA(ls_config) = SWITCH ty_config( lv_mode
  WHEN 'LIGHT' THEN VALUE #( color = 'white' size = 12 enabled = abap_true )
  WHEN 'DARK'  THEN VALUE #( color = 'black' size = 14 enabled = abap_true )
  WHEN 'HIGH_CONTRAST' THEN VALUE #( color = 'yellow' size = 16 enabled = abap_true )
  ELSE VALUE #( color = 'gray' size = 12 enabled = abap_false )
).

TYPES: BEGIN OF ENUM ty_order_status,
         new,
         processing,
         shipped,
         delivered,
         cancelled,
       END OF ENUM ty_order_status.

DATA: lv_status TYPE ty_order_status VALUE ty_order_status-shipped.

DATA(lv_icon) = SWITCH string( lv_status
  WHEN ty_order_status-new        THEN '📝'
  WHEN ty_order_status-processing THEN '⚙️'
  WHEN ty_order_status-shipped    THEN '📦'
  WHEN ty_order_status-delivered  THEN '✅'
  WHEN ty_order_status-cancelled  THEN '❌'
).

DATA: lv_action TYPE string VALUE 'INVALID'.

DATA(lv_result) = SWITCH string( lv_action
  WHEN 'CREATE' THEN 'Crear'
  WHEN 'UPDATE' THEN 'Actualizar'
  WHEN 'DELETE' THEN 'Eliminar'
  ELSE THROW cx_parameter_invalid( parameter = 'ACTION' )
).

" COND: Para rangos y condiciones complejas
DATA(lv_category) = COND string(
  WHEN lv_age < 18 THEN 'Niño'
  WHEN lv_age < 65 THEN 'Adulto'
  ELSE 'Senior'
).

" SWITCH: Para valores discretos
DATA(lv_day_name) = SWITCH string( lv_day_number
  WHEN 1 THEN 'Lunes'
  WHEN 2 THEN 'Martes'
  " ...
).

DATA: lv_type   TYPE string VALUE 'CUSTOMER',
      lv_active TYPE abap_bool VALUE abap_true.

DATA(lv_label) = SWITCH string( lv_type
  WHEN 'CUSTOMER' THEN COND #(
    WHEN lv_active = abap_true THEN 'Cliente activo'
    ELSE 'Cliente inactivo'
  )
  WHEN 'SUPPLIER' THEN COND #(
    WHEN lv_active = abap_true THEN 'Proveedor activo'
    ELSE 'Proveedor inactivo'
  )
  ELSE 'Desconocido'
).

" Directamente como parámetro
CALL METHOD lo_logger->log(
  iv_level   = COND #( WHEN lv_error = abap_true THEN 'ERROR' ELSE 'INFO' )
  iv_message = |Status: { lv_status }|
).

" Como valor de retorno
METHODS get_status_text
  RETURNING VALUE(rv_text) TYPE string.

METHOD get_status_text.
  rv_text = SWITCH #( mv_status
    WHEN 'A' THEN 'Activo'
    WHEN 'I' THEN 'Inactivo'
    ELSE 'Desconocido'
  ).
ENDMETHOD.