SAP Business Application Studio: Desarrollo ABAP basado en navegador

Pasos para crear un ABAP Dev Space:

1. Abrir SAP BTP Cockpit
2. Seleccionar Subaccount → Services → Instances and Subscriptions
3. Abrir SAP Business Application Studio
4. Clic en "Create Dev Space"
5. Ingresar nombre: "ABAP_Development"
6. Dev Space Type: Seleccionar "SAP ABAP Development"
7. Confirmar "Create Dev Space"

1. Estado del Dev Space: "STOPPED"
2. Clic en el botón Play para iniciar
3. Esperar hasta que el estado sea: "RUNNING" (aprox. 1-2 minutos)
4. Clic en "Open" para abrir el IDE

Conexión a BTP ABAP Environment:

1. View → Command Palette (Ctrl+Shift+P)
2. Escribir "ABAP: Create Service Instance"
3. Pegar Service Key del BTP ABAP Environment
4. Asignar nombre de conexión: "BTP_DEV"
5. La conexión se prueba y guarda

En BTP Cockpit:

1. Subaccount → Cloud Foundry → Spaces
2. Abrir Space → Service Instances
3. Seleccionar instancia ABAP Environment
4. "Create" → Service Key
5. Nombre: "BAS_Connection"
6. Copiar datos del key (JSON)

Nuevo proyecto ABAP Cloud:

1. View → Command Palette (Ctrl+Shift+P)
2. Escribir "ABAP: Create Project"
3. Seleccionar conexión al sistema
4. Ingresar Package: "ZRAP_DEMO"
5. Nombre del proyecto: "rap-demo"
6. El proyecto se crea y abre

rap-demo/
├── .abap/
│   └── service-binding.json
├── src/
│   └── zrap_demo/
│       ├── zcl_example_class.clas.abap
│       └── zif_example_interface.intf.abap
└── package.json

CLASS zcl_bas_demo DEFINITION
  PUBLIC FINAL
  CREATE PUBLIC.

  PUBLIC SECTION.
    INTERFACES if_oo_adt_classrun.

    METHODS calculate_total
      IMPORTING
        it_items TYPE STANDARD TABLE
      RETURNING
        VALUE(rv_total) TYPE p.

ENDCLASS.

CLASS zcl_bas_demo IMPLEMENTATION.

  METHOD if_oo_adt_classrun~main.
    " BAS ofrece aquí:
    " - Syntax Highlighting
    " - IntelliSense para métodos
    " - Documentación inline
    " - Marcado de errores en tiempo real

    out->write( 'Hello from BAS!' ).
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD calculate_total.
    " Code Completion muestra operaciones de tabla
    LOOP AT it_items ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<item>).
      rv_total = rv_total + <item>-amount.
    ENDLOOP.
  ENDMETHOD.

ENDCLASS.

View → Terminal (Ctrl+`)

Source Control View (Ctrl+Shift+G)
- Stage Changes
- Commit
- Push/Pull

View → Problems (Ctrl+Shift+M)

Flujo de trabajo típico:

1. ADT para desarrollo en S/4HANA On-Premise
2. BAS para BTP ABAP Environment
3. Git como base de código común
4. Mismo código, diferentes IDEs

" Paso 1: Database Table
" Creado via Command Palette: ABAP: New → Database Table

@EndUserText.label : 'Travel Bookings'
@AbapCatalog.enhancement.category : #NOT_EXTENSIBLE
@AbapCatalog.tableCategory : #TRANSPARENT
@AbapCatalog.deliveryClass : #A
define table ztab_travel {
  key client      : abap.clnt not null;
  key travel_id   : abap.numc(8) not null;
  description     : abap.char(255);
  begin_date      : abap.dats;
  end_date        : abap.dats;
  total_price     : abap.curr(15,2);
  currency_code   : abap.cuky;
  status          : abap.char(1);
  created_by      : abap.uname;
  created_at      : timestampl;
  last_changed_by : abap.uname;
  last_changed_at : timestampl;
}

" Paso 2: CDS View Entity
" Command Palette: ABAP: New → Data Definition

@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #NOT_REQUIRED
@EndUserText.label: 'Travel Booking View'
define root view entity ZI_Travel
  as select from ztab_travel
{
  key travel_id      as TravelId,
      description    as Description,
      begin_date     as BeginDate,
      end_date       as EndDate,
      @Semantics.amount.currencyCode: 'CurrencyCode'
      total_price    as TotalPrice,
      currency_code  as CurrencyCode,
      status         as Status,
      @Semantics.user.createdBy: true
      created_by     as CreatedBy,
      @Semantics.systemDateTime.createdAt: true
      created_at     as CreatedAt,
      @Semantics.user.lastChangedBy: true
      last_changed_by as LastChangedBy,
      @Semantics.systemDateTime.lastChangedAt: true
      last_changed_at as LastChangedAt
}

" Paso 3: Behavior Definition
" Command Palette: ABAP: New → Behavior Definition

managed implementation in class zbp_i_travel unique;
strict ( 2 );
with draft;

define behavior for ZI_Travel alias Travel
persistent table ztab_travel
draft table ztab_d_travel
lock master total etag LastChangedAt
authorization master ( instance )
{
  create;
  update;
  delete;

  field ( numbering : managed, readonly ) TravelId;
  field ( readonly ) CreatedBy, CreatedAt, LastChangedBy, LastChangedAt;

  determination setDefaults on modify { create; }
  validation validateDates on save { field BeginDate, EndDate; }

  draft action Edit;
  draft action Activate;
  draft action Discard;
  draft action Resume;
  draft determine action Prepare;

  mapping for ztab_travel corresponding
  {
    TravelId = travel_id;
    Description = description;
    BeginDate = begin_date;
    EndDate = end_date;
    TotalPrice = total_price;
    CurrencyCode = currency_code;
    Status = status;
    CreatedBy = created_by;
    CreatedAt = created_at;
    LastChangedBy = last_changed_by;
    LastChangedAt = last_changed_at;
  }
}

" Consumption View con anotaciones
" BAS ofrece Auto-Complete para todas las anotaciones

@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #NOT_REQUIRED
@EndUserText.label: 'Travel Consumption View'
@Metadata.allowExtensions: true

define root view entity ZC_Travel
  provider contract transactional_query
  as projection on ZI_Travel
{
      @UI.facet: [
        { id: 'Travel',
          purpose: #STANDARD,
          type: #IDENTIFICATION_REFERENCE,
          label: 'Travel',
          position: 10 }
      ]

      @UI.lineItem: [{ position: 10, importance: #HIGH }]
      @UI.identification: [{ position: 10 }]
  key TravelId,

      @UI.lineItem: [{ position: 20, importance: #HIGH }]
      @UI.identification: [{ position: 20 }]
      Description,

      @UI.lineItem: [{ position: 30 }]
      @UI.identification: [{ position: 30 }]
      BeginDate,

      @UI.lineItem: [{ position: 40 }]
      @UI.identification: [{ position: 40 }]
      EndDate,

      @UI.lineItem: [{ position: 50 }]
      @UI.identification: [{ position: 50 }]
      TotalPrice,

      CurrencyCode,

      @UI.lineItem: [{ position: 60, criticality: 'StatusCriticality' }]
      Status,

      /* Virtual Element para Status-Criticality */
      case Status
        when 'O' then 2  " Open - Amarillo
        when 'A' then 3  " Approved - Verde
        when 'R' then 1  " Rejected - Rojo
        else 0
      end as StatusCriticality,

      /* Campos de administración */
      CreatedBy,
      CreatedAt,
      LastChangedBy,
      LastChangedAt
}

CLASS lhc_travel DEFINITION INHERITING FROM cl_abap_behavior_handler.

  PRIVATE SECTION.
    METHODS setDefaults FOR DETERMINE ON MODIFY
      IMPORTING keys FOR Travel~setDefaults.

    METHODS validateDates FOR VALIDATE ON SAVE
      IMPORTING keys FOR Travel~validateDates.

ENDCLASS.

CLASS lhc_travel IMPLEMENTATION.

  METHOD setDefaults.
    " Leer las entidades para las keys pasadas
    READ ENTITIES OF ZI_Travel IN LOCAL MODE
      ENTITY Travel
        FIELDS ( TravelId )
        WITH CORRESPONDING #( keys )
      RESULT DATA(travels).

    " Establecer valores por defecto para nuevas entradas
    MODIFY ENTITIES OF ZI_Travel IN LOCAL MODE
      ENTITY Travel
        UPDATE
          FIELDS ( Status CurrencyCode )
          WITH VALUE #( FOR travel IN travels
            ( %tky = travel-%tky
              Status = 'O'           " Open
              CurrencyCode = 'EUR' ) )
      REPORTED DATA(reported).

    " En BAS: Establecer breakpoint con clic a la izquierda del número de línea
    " Iniciar debugging via Run → Start Debugging
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD validateDates.
    " Validación: BeginDate debe ser anterior a EndDate
    READ ENTITIES OF ZI_Travel IN LOCAL MODE
      ENTITY Travel
        FIELDS ( BeginDate EndDate )
        WITH CORRESPONDING #( keys )
      RESULT DATA(travels).

    LOOP AT travels ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<travel>).
      IF <travel>-BeginDate > <travel>-EndDate.
        APPEND VALUE #(
          %tky = <travel>-%tky
          %msg = new_message_with_text(
            severity = if_abap_behv_message=>severity-error
            text     = 'La fecha de inicio debe ser anterior a la fecha de fin'
          )
          %element-BeginDate = if_abap_behv=>mk-on
          %element-EndDate   = if_abap_behv=>mk-on
        ) TO reported-travel.
      ENDIF.
    ENDLOOP.
  ENDMETHOD.

ENDCLASS.

1. Establecer breakpoint: Clic a la izquierda del número de línea
2. Configuración de debug: Run → Add Configuration
3. Seleccionar sistema ABAP
4. Iniciar app y ejecutar acción
5. El debugger se detiene en el breakpoint
6. Variables View muestra valores de variables
7. Step Over (F10), Step Into (F11), Continue (F5)

1. Cargar solo los packages necesarios
   → Proyectos más pequeños = mejor rendimiento

2. Reiniciar Dev Space regularmente
   → Limpia memoria y caché

3. Cerrar pestañas no necesarias
   → Reduce consumo de memoria

4. Usar conexión a internet estable
   → BAS depende de la red

Estructura de Workspace recomendada:

workspace/
├── project-rap-demo/        # Proyecto RAP
├── project-fiori-app/       # App Fiori
├── project-api-integration/ # Integración API
└── .vscode/
    └── settings.json        # Configuración del Workspace

Solución:
1. Limpiar caché del navegador
2. Eliminar Dev Space y recrear
3. Verificar suscripción BTP

Solución:
1. Recrear Service Key
2. Crear nueva conexión en BAS
3. Verificar configuración de red/firewall

Solución:
1. Desactivar extensiones no necesarias
2. Reducir tamaño del proyecto
3. Aislar pestaña del navegador
4. Reiniciar Dev Space

Solución:
1. Verificar estado del ABAP Language Server (abajo a la derecha)
2. Verificar conexión al sistema ABAP
3. Recargar proyecto: Command Palette → Developer: Reload Window