ABAP Currency & Unit Conversion: Currency and Units of Measure

DATA: lv_amount_eur TYPE bapicurr-bapicurr VALUE '1000.00',
      lv_amount_usd TYPE bapicurr-bapicurr,
      lv_rate       TYPE bapi1093_0.

" Convert EUR to USD
CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_CURRENCY_CONV_TO_EXTERNAL'
  EXPORTING
    currency        = 'EUR'
    amount_internal = lv_amount_eur
  IMPORTING
    amount_external = lv_amount_eur.

CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_EXCHANGERATE_GETDETAIL'
  EXPORTING
    rate_type   = 'M'          " Rate type
    from_curr   = 'EUR'
    to_currncy  = 'USD'
    date        = sy-datum
  IMPORTING
    exch_rate   = lv_rate
  EXCEPTIONS
    not_found   = 1
    OTHERS      = 2.

IF sy-subrc = 0.
  lv_amount_usd = lv_amount_eur * lv_rate-exch_rate.
  WRITE: / '1000 EUR =', lv_amount_usd, 'USD'.
ENDIF.

DATA: lv_source_amount TYPE dmbtr VALUE '1000.00',
      lv_target_amount TYPE dmbtr.

CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERT_TO_LOCAL_CURRENCY'
  EXPORTING
    date             = sy-datum
    foreign_amount   = lv_source_amount
    foreign_currency = 'USD'
    local_currency   = 'EUR'
    type_of_rate     = 'M'
  IMPORTING
    local_amount     = lv_target_amount
  EXCEPTIONS
    no_rate_found    = 1
    overflow         = 2
    no_factors_found = 3
    no_spread_found  = 4
    derived_2_times  = 5
    OTHERS           = 6.

IF sy-subrc = 0.
  WRITE: / '1000 USD =', lv_target_amount, 'EUR'.
ELSE.
  WRITE: / 'Exchange rate not found'.
ENDIF.

DATA: lv_amount_eur TYPE netwr VALUE '123.45',
      lv_amount_jpy TYPE netwr VALUE '12345',
      lv_decimals   TYPE i.

" Determine decimal places of a currency
SELECT SINGLE currdec FROM tcurx
  WHERE currkey = 'EUR'
  INTO @lv_decimals.

IF sy-subrc <> 0.
  lv_decimals = 2.  " Default
ENDIF.

WRITE: / 'EUR has', lv_decimals, 'decimal places'.


" For JPY (0 decimal places)
SELECT SINGLE currdec FROM tcurx
  WHERE currkey = 'JPY'
  INTO @lv_decimals.

" lv_decimals = 0


" Format amount according to currency
CLASS zcl_currency DEFINITION.
  PUBLIC SECTION.
    CLASS-METHODS: format_amount
      IMPORTING iv_amount       TYPE any
                iv_currency     TYPE waers
      RETURNING VALUE(rv_formatted) TYPE string.
ENDCLASS.

CLASS zcl_currency IMPLEMENTATION.
  METHOD format_amount.
    DATA: lv_decimals TYPE i.

    SELECT SINGLE currdec FROM tcurx
      WHERE currkey = @iv_currency
      INTO @lv_decimals.

    IF sy-subrc <> 0.
      lv_decimals = 2.
    ENDIF.

    rv_formatted = |{ iv_amount DECIMALS = lv_decimals }|.
  ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.

DATA: lv_internal TYPE bapicurr-bapicurr,
      lv_external TYPE bapicurr-bapicurr.

" Internal (DB) -> External (display)
" For currencies with less than 2 decimal places
lv_internal = '12345'.  " JPY in DB (without decimals)

CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_CURRENCY_CONV_TO_EXTERNAL'
  EXPORTING
    currency        = 'JPY'
    amount_internal = lv_internal
  IMPORTING
    amount_external = lv_external.

" lv_external = '12345.00' for display


" External -> Internal (for storage)
lv_external = '12345.00'.

CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_CURRENCY_CONV_TO_INTERNAL'
  EXPORTING
    currency             = 'JPY'
    amount_external      = lv_external
    max_number_of_digits = 15
  IMPORTING
    amount_internal      = lv_internal.

" lv_internal = '12345' for DB

DATA: lv_quantity_kg TYPE menge VALUE '1000',
      lv_quantity_to TYPE menge.

" Convert kg to t (tons)
CALL FUNCTION 'UNIT_CONVERSION_SIMPLE'
  EXPORTING
    input                = lv_quantity_kg
    unit_in              = 'KG'
    unit_out             = 'TO'
  IMPORTING
    output               = lv_quantity_to
  EXCEPTIONS
    conversion_not_found = 1
    division_by_zero     = 2
    input_invalid        = 3
    output_invalid       = 4
    overflow             = 5
    type_invalid         = 6
    units_missing        = 7
    unit_in_not_found    = 8
    unit_out_not_found   = 9
    OTHERS               = 10.

IF sy-subrc = 0.
  WRITE: / '1000 KG =', lv_quantity_to, 'TO'.  " 1 TO
ENDIF.

DATA: lv_quantity_st TYPE menge VALUE '100',   " 100 pieces
      lv_quantity_kg TYPE menge.

" Conversion with material master
CALL FUNCTION 'MD_CONVERT_MATERIAL_UNIT'
  EXPORTING
    i_matnr              = '000000000012345678'
    i_in_me              = 'ST'       " From pieces
    i_out_me             = 'KG'       " To kilograms
    i_menge              = lv_quantity_st
  IMPORTING
    e_menge              = lv_quantity_kg
  EXCEPTIONS
    error_in_application = 1
    error                = 2
    OTHERS               = 3.

IF sy-subrc = 0.
  WRITE: / '100 ST =', lv_quantity_kg, 'KG'.
ENDIF.

CLASS zcl_currency_helper DEFINITION.
  PUBLIC SECTION.
    TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_conversion_result,
             amount   TYPE dmbtr,
             currency TYPE waers,
             rate     TYPE ukurs,
           END OF ty_conversion_result.

    CLASS-METHODS: convert
      IMPORTING iv_amount         TYPE dmbtr
                iv_from_currency  TYPE waers
                iv_to_currency    TYPE waers
                iv_date           TYPE sy-datum DEFAULT sy-datum
                iv_rate_type      TYPE kurst DEFAULT 'M'
      RETURNING VALUE(rs_result)  TYPE ty_conversion_result
      RAISING   zcx_currency_error.

    CLASS-METHODS: get_decimals
      IMPORTING iv_currency       TYPE waers
      RETURNING VALUE(rv_decimals) TYPE i.

    CLASS-METHODS: round_amount
      IMPORTING iv_amount        TYPE dmbtr
                iv_currency      TYPE waers
      RETURNING VALUE(rv_amount) TYPE dmbtr.

    CLASS-METHODS: to_internal
      IMPORTING iv_amount        TYPE dmbtr
                iv_currency      TYPE waers
      RETURNING VALUE(rv_amount) TYPE dmbtr.

    CLASS-METHODS: to_external
      IMPORTING iv_amount        TYPE dmbtr
                iv_currency      TYPE waers
      RETURNING VALUE(rv_amount) TYPE dmbtr.
ENDCLASS.

CLASS zcl_currency_helper IMPLEMENTATION.
  METHOD convert.
    IF iv_from_currency = iv_to_currency.
      rs_result-amount   = iv_amount.
      rs_result-currency = iv_to_currency.
      rs_result-rate     = 1.
      RETURN.
    ENDIF.

    CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERT_TO_LOCAL_CURRENCY'
      EXPORTING
        date             = iv_date
        foreign_amount   = iv_amount
        foreign_currency = iv_from_currency
        local_currency   = iv_to_currency
        type_of_rate     = iv_rate_type
      IMPORTING
        local_amount     = rs_result-amount
        exchange_rate    = rs_result-rate
      EXCEPTIONS
        no_rate_found    = 1
        OTHERS           = 2.

    IF sy-subrc <> 0.
      RAISE EXCEPTION TYPE zcx_currency_error
        EXPORTING
          textid = zcx_currency_error=>rate_not_found
          from_currency = iv_from_currency
          to_currency   = iv_to_currency.
    ENDIF.

    rs_result-currency = iv_to_currency.
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD get_decimals.
    SELECT SINGLE currdec FROM tcurx
      WHERE currkey = @iv_currency
      INTO @rv_decimals.

    IF sy-subrc <> 0.
      rv_decimals = 2.  " Default
    ENDIF.
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD round_amount.
    DATA(lv_decimals) = get_decimals( iv_currency ).

    rv_amount = round(
      val  = iv_amount
      dec  = lv_decimals
      mode = cl_abap_math=>round_half_up
    ).
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD to_internal.
    CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_CURRENCY_CONV_TO_INTERNAL'
      EXPORTING
        currency             = iv_currency
        amount_external      = iv_amount
        max_number_of_digits = 23
      IMPORTING
        amount_internal      = rv_amount.
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD to_external.
    CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_CURRENCY_CONV_TO_EXTERNAL'
      EXPORTING
        currency        = iv_currency
        amount_internal = iv_amount
      IMPORTING
        amount_external = rv_amount.
  ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.


" Usage
TRY.
    DATA(ls_result) = zcl_currency_helper=>convert(
      iv_amount        = '1000.00'
      iv_from_currency = 'USD'
      iv_to_currency   = 'EUR'
    ).

    WRITE: / '1000 USD =', ls_result-amount, 'EUR'.
    WRITE: / 'Rate:', ls_result-rate.

  CATCH zcx_currency_error INTO DATA(lx_error).
    WRITE: / lx_error->get_text( ).
ENDTRY.

CLASS zcl_unit_helper DEFINITION.
  PUBLIC SECTION.
    CLASS-METHODS: convert
      IMPORTING iv_quantity      TYPE menge
                iv_from_unit     TYPE meins
                iv_to_unit       TYPE meins
                iv_matnr         TYPE matnr OPTIONAL
      RETURNING VALUE(rv_quantity) TYPE menge
      RAISING   zcx_unit_error.

    CLASS-METHODS: get_base_unit
      IMPORTING iv_matnr        TYPE matnr
      RETURNING VALUE(rv_unit)  TYPE meins.

    CLASS-METHODS: get_conversion_factor
      IMPORTING iv_from_unit     TYPE meins
                iv_to_unit       TYPE meins
      RETURNING VALUE(rv_factor) TYPE f.
ENDCLASS.

CLASS zcl_unit_helper IMPLEMENTATION.
  METHOD convert.
    IF iv_from_unit = iv_to_unit.
      rv_quantity = iv_quantity.
      RETURN.
    ENDIF.

    " Material-specific if material is provided
    IF iv_matnr IS NOT INITIAL.
      CALL FUNCTION 'MD_CONVERT_MATERIAL_UNIT'
        EXPORTING
          i_matnr              = iv_matnr
          i_in_me              = iv_from_unit
          i_out_me             = iv_to_unit
          i_menge              = iv_quantity
        IMPORTING
          e_menge              = rv_quantity
        EXCEPTIONS
          error_in_application = 1
          OTHERS               = 2.

      IF sy-subrc = 0.
        RETURN.
      ENDIF.
    ENDIF.

    " General conversion
    CALL FUNCTION 'UNIT_CONVERSION_SIMPLE'
      EXPORTING
        input    = iv_quantity
        unit_in  = iv_from_unit
        unit_out = iv_to_unit
      IMPORTING
        output   = rv_quantity
      EXCEPTIONS
        OTHERS   = 1.

    IF sy-subrc <> 0.
      RAISE EXCEPTION TYPE zcx_unit_error
        EXPORTING
          textid    = zcx_unit_error=>conversion_failed
          from_unit = iv_from_unit
          to_unit   = iv_to_unit.
    ENDIF.
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD get_base_unit.
    SELECT SINGLE meins FROM mara
      WHERE matnr = @iv_matnr
      INTO @rv_unit.
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD get_conversion_factor.
    DATA: lv_output TYPE menge.

    CALL FUNCTION 'UNIT_CONVERSION_SIMPLE'
      EXPORTING
        input    = CONV menge( 1 )
        unit_in  = iv_from_unit
        unit_out = iv_to_unit
      IMPORTING
        output   = lv_output
      EXCEPTIONS
        OTHERS   = 1.

    IF sy-subrc = 0.
      rv_factor = lv_output.
    ELSE.
      rv_factor = 1.
    ENDIF.
  ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.

" Convert price per unit of measure
DATA: lv_price     TYPE netpr VALUE '10.00',  " 10 EUR per 100 ST
      lv_per_unit  TYPE i VALUE 100,           " Per 100
      lv_quantity  TYPE menge VALUE '250',
      lv_total     TYPE netwr.

" Calculate total price
lv_total = lv_price * lv_quantity / lv_per_unit.
" 10.00 * 250 / 100 = 25.00 EUR


" With unit conversion
DATA: lv_price_kg  TYPE netpr VALUE '2.50',   " 2.50 EUR per KG
      lv_qty_to    TYPE menge VALUE '500',     " 500 KG ordered
      lv_total_to  TYPE netwr.

" First convert to tons
DATA(lv_qty_converted) = zcl_unit_helper=>convert(
  iv_quantity  = lv_qty_to
  iv_from_unit = 'KG'
  iv_to_unit   = 'TO'
).

" Calculate price for 1 TO
DATA(lv_price_to) = lv_price_kg * 1000.  " 2500 EUR per TO
lv_total_to = lv_price_to * lv_qty_converted.

" Read exchange rates (TCURR)
SELECT * FROM tcurr
  WHERE kurst = 'M'           " Rate type
    AND fcurr = 'USD'         " From currency
    AND tcurr = 'EUR'         " To currency
    AND gdatu <= @sy-datum    " Valid from
  ORDER BY gdatu DESCENDING
  INTO TABLE @DATA(lt_rates)
  UP TO 1 ROWS.

IF lt_rates IS NOT INITIAL.
  DATA(ls_rate) = lt_rates[ 1 ].
  WRITE: / 'Rate:', ls_rate-ukurs.
  WRITE: / 'Valid from:', ls_rate-gdatu.
ENDIF.


" Change rate via BAPI (customizing)
DATA: lt_return TYPE TABLE OF bapiret2.

CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_EXCHRATE_CREATEMULTIPLE'
  TABLES
    exchrate_list = lt_rates_new
    return        = lt_return.

IF NOT line_exists( lt_return[ type = 'E' ] ).
  CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_TRANSACTION_COMMIT'.
ENDIF.

DATA: lv_amount TYPE p DECIMALS 4 VALUE '123.4567',
      lv_rounded TYPE p DECIMALS 2.

" Mathematical rounding
lv_rounded = round( val = lv_amount dec = 2 ).
" 123.46

" Commercial rounding (half up)
lv_rounded = round(
  val  = lv_amount
  dec  = 2
  mode = cl_abap_math=>round_half_up
).

" Round down
lv_rounded = floor( lv_amount * 100 ) / 100.
" 123.45

" Round up
lv_rounded = ceil( lv_amount * 100 ) / 100.
" 123.46


" With currency
DATA(lv_currency_amount) = zcl_currency_helper=>round_amount(
  iv_amount   = lv_amount
  iv_currency = 'EUR'
).

" Currency conversion in CDS View
@AbapCatalog.viewEnhancementCategory: [#NONE]
define view entity ZI_SalesAmount as select from vbak
{
  key vbeln,
      netwr,
      waerk,

      // Amount with decimal correction
      @Semantics.amount.currencyCode: 'waerk'
      netwr as Amount,

      // In local currency (simplified)
      @Semantics.amount.currencyCode: 'EUR'
      cast(netwr as abap.curr(15,2)) as AmountEUR
}


" In Open SQL
SELECT vbeln, netwr, waerk,
       CURR_TO_DECFLOAT_AMOUNT( netwr, waerk ) AS amount_decimal
  FROM vbak
  INTO TABLE @DATA(lt_sales).

" SAP internal codes vs. ISO codes
DATA: lv_sap_currency TYPE waers VALUE 'EUR',
      lv_iso_currency TYPE isocd.

" SAP -> ISO
SELECT SINGLE isocd FROM tcurc
  WHERE waersion = @lv_sap_currency
  INTO @lv_iso_currency.

" ISO -> SAP
SELECT SINGLE waers FROM tcurc
  WHERE isocd = 'EUR'
  INTO @lv_sap_currency.


" Units of measure
DATA: lv_sap_unit TYPE meins VALUE 'KG',
      lv_iso_unit TYPE isocd_unit.

SELECT SINGLE isocode FROM t006
  WHERE msehi = @lv_sap_unit
  INTO @lv_iso_unit.